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Overview of Placemaking and Urban Design
1.1Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Good urban places within our towns and cities, where people live, work and socialise, are influenced by quality placemaking and urban design. Places that are sustainable, inclusive, enjoyable and safe
site-planningurban-designexternal-spaceRegional Development Strategy (RDS) 2035
2.1.1Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The RDS provides regional guidance under the three sustainable development themes of economy, society and environment in relation to design issues. Policy RG7 supports urban and rural renaissance by r
site-planningexternal-spaceurban-designStrategic Planning Policy Statement (SPPS) - Placemaking Approach
2.1.2Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The SPPS outlines that good design can change lives, communities and neighbourhoods for the better. It also outlines that new buildings and their surroundings have a significant effect on the characte
site-planningexternal-spaceurban-designSPPS - Key Principles for Successful Placemaking
2.1.3Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The SPPS states that the key to successful placemaking is identifying the assets of a particular place as well as developing a vision for its future potential. This includes the relationship between d
site-planningexternal-spaceurban-designLocal Development Plan (LDP) Plan Strategy
2.2.1Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The Local Development Plan (LDP) Plan Strategy provides the strategic policy framework for the plan area as a whole across a range of thematic areas. It sets out the vision for Belfast as well as the
site-planningexternal-spaceurban-designRejection of Poor Design
2.2.2Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The SPPS states that poor design should be rejected, particularly proposals that are inappropriate to their context, including schemes that are clearly out of scale, or incompatible with their surroun
site-planningexternal-spaceurban-designPositive Placemaking Definition and Approach
3.1.1Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
A multi-faceted, people centred approach to the planning, design, and stewardship of public spaces, placemaking is a transformative approach that inspires people to shape, create and improve their pla
site-planningexternal-spacePlacemaking Response to Urban Needs
3.1.2Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
While the built urban environment of the city is diverse, so too are the needs and requirements of those who live, work and socialise there. Ever changing social, economic and environmental conditions
site-planningexternal-spacepublic-buildingBelfast Placemaking Opportunities
3.1.3Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Strategically Belfast plays a significant role in the growth of the region with the city in more recent years benefitting from increased inward investment, significant regeneration and major growth wi
site-planningexternal-spaceLiving Places Quality Standards
3.1.4Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The qualities highlighted within 'Living Places: An Urban Stewardship and Design Guide for Northern Ireland', are outlined below and should be pursued by all those involved in shaping our urban enviro
site-planningexternal-spacePolicy SP5: Positive Placemaking
SP5Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The council will support development that maximises the core principles of good placemaking in the creation of successful and sustainable places.
site-planningexternal-spaceThe Docks and River Lagan - Amenity Value and Regeneration
3.1.13Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The Docks and River Lagan have high amenity value within the city, providing it with valuable blue infrastructure that helps support biodiversity and our natural heritage. With regards to its built fo
external-spaceconservationopen-spaceSurrounding Hills and Coastline - Scenic and Environmental Benefits
3.1.15Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The hills and coastline help define the city and provide not only a unique scenic backdrop but also numerous amenity and environmental benefits that help create Belfast's distinctive sense of place. T
site-planningexternal-spacecontextUrban form definition and characteristics
4.1.9Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Urban form refers to the function, shape and three-dimensional pattern or arrangement of streets, buildings and spaces. It includes identifiable characteristics such as building scale, height and mass
site-planningexternal-spaceReinforcing a sense of place through character and identity
4.2.1Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The identity and character of a place is established not only by the pattern of buildings, streets and spaces, landscape and infrastructure but also by how these spaces are used and experienced on a d
site-planningexternal-spaceplacemakingDesign approaches for balancing distinctive identity with local character
4.2.2Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
New developments should aspire to improve and enhance the area they sit in. It is important that proposals balance the need to have their own distinctive identity but also one that fits into the estab
site-planningplacemakingexternal-spaceUsing Figure Ground Diagrams for Place Understanding
Images 16-18Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Figure ground diagrams can assist our understanding of a place through its many layers and an understanding of the relationships that exist between these layers, whether it be its built form, its move
site-planningexternal-spaceopen-spaceWell-Designed Movement Requirements
4.3.3Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Well-designed movement throughout the city can be established through clearly defined streets that are; Safe and secure. Accessible for all. Multi-functional to provide choice to users to utilise acti
accessaccessibilitysite-planningexternal-spaceAdequate enclosure and space scale
4.3.4-4.3.5Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Making an area feel safe and secure is an essential component to its success. The scale of development can also impact levels of enclosure. Where spaces are narrow, taller elements may introduce clima
site-planningexternal-spacenon-domesticdwellingDefining and demarcating public and private spaces
4.3.6Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The spaces between and surrounding buildings are as important as the buildings themselves. It is essential that these spaces are considered early on in the design process to ensure they are contextual
site-planningexternal-spaceaccessAnimating public spaces in residential, office and mixed-use schemes
4.3.7Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Within residential, office and mixed-use schemes, it is important to animate public spaces to provide opportunities for social interaction. Spaces should be clearly defined, overlooked and accessible
dwellingcommercialnon-domesticsite-planningexternal-spaceaccessPrivate amenity spaces in residential developments
4.3.8Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
In general terms, private amenity space should provide a degree of privacy and separation from adjoining public spaces. For the majority of residential developments amenity space will be located to th
dwellingflatsexternal-spaceBuilding relationship to surrounding spaces and boundary treatments
4.3.9Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Well-designed buildings should relate positively to spaces surrounding them that are appropriate to their context for those utilising them and others passing by. Appropriately designed boundary treatm
dwellingexternal-spacesite-planningaccessAdaptable and connected public realm - overview
4.4.1Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The quality of public realm plays a central role in creating well connected, safe and enjoyable environments. When designed to accommodate a number of uses and encourage a variety of activities, the p
external-spacepublic-buildingopen-spaceDiverse uses to encourage multiple activities
4.4.2Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Embedding a diverse range of uses that encourage people to; • Commute – accessible walking, cycling routes that align with anticipated desire lines and natural sightlines to make legible connections t
external-spacepublic-buildingopen-spaceaccessaccessibilityFlexible and adaptable space design
4.4.3Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
This can be achieved when a space is designed to be flexible and adaptable. Restrictive design and layouts with no connections to main streets and surrounding uses will become underutilised and unwelc
external-spacepublic-buildingopen-spaceDesign, layout and material coordination in public realm
4.4.4Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The design, layout and choice of materials should complement the character of the surrounding context. An integrated approach should be taken in relation to the design and siting of features within th
external-spacepublic-buildingopen-spacePolicy DES1: Principles of urban design - adaptable public realm
Policy DES1(d)Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Creating adaptable and well connected public realm that supports welcoming pedestrian environments.
external-spacepublic-buildingopen-spaceaccessSuDS, Trees and Planting in Public Realm
4.4.5Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The use of SuDS, trees and planting will also be encouraged throughout the public realm to promote biodiversity and climate resilience within the city. Public realm schemes and new developments should
external-spacedrainageenergyBenefits of Tree Planting
Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Tree planting within developments, along streets and as part of public realm can provide on-site attenuation for surface water runoff. Trees can also mitigate microclimatic conditions such as reducing
external-spacedrainageenergysoundFostering inclusive design - children's infrastructure
4.5.1Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Public realm has generally been colonised by vehicular traffic which makes the need for communal and private residential amenity spaces more critical. Increasingly the council has moved to prioritise
dwellingnon-domesticresidentialaccessexternal-spaceplacemakingNatural surveillance and safe places
4.5.4–4.5.5Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Successful streets, open spaces, public squares and parks appeal to a diversity of users and activities. This is achieved in places where people feel safe and welcome. The relationship between buildin
site-planningexternal-spacepublic-buildingnon-domesticBuilding layout to promote overlooking and activity
4.5.6Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
The layout of proposed development should promote a sense of natural surveillance/overlooking. When determining how buildings front the street, the location of doors, windows and balconies and/or exte
site-planningexternal-spacenon-domesticAvoiding blank facades and inactive frontage
4.5.7Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Large areas of blank facades and inactive frontage do not contribute to the streetscene, create empty streets with reduced footfall, reduce levels of natural surveillance and encourage anti-social beh
site-planningexternal-spacenon-domesticNatural surveillance in residential schemes
4.5.8Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Natural surveillance is maximised within residential schemes when main habitable rooms and primary entrances are located within street frontages, with more private rooms/spaces located to the rear of
site-planningexternal-spacedwellingresidentialNatural surveillance through design features
Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Natural surveillance can be enhanced by providing additional opportunities for eyes on the street. Balconies and higher density living can encourage this when designed appropriately. Inclusive design
placemakingurban-designpublic-realmresidentialsafetyaccessexternal-spaceActive frontages
4.6.2Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Well-designed buildings that front onto streets and public spaces contribute to the vibrancy and richness of our streetscape. All levels of development can impact the functionality of a space from sma
commercialnon-domesticsite-planningexternal-spaceCar parking design and integration
4.6.3Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Careful attention must be given to the siting and design of car parking arrangements within new developments. Proposals that include ground floor, semi-basement or surface parking under a raised podiu
site-planningexternal-spaceExternal storage and waste management areas
4.6.4Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Consideration should also be given to the location of external storage areas for waste management. Dedicated and suitably designed areas within the boundary of the development should be identified so
site-planningexternal-spacenon-domesticcommercialEfficient use of land and conservation of natural resources
4.7.1Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Well-designed spaces and buildings will aim to conserve natural resources such as land, water, energy and materials responding to the growing environmental challenges and demands facing our society. A
site-planningenergyexternal-spaceAppropriate density levels for sustainable development
4.7.3Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Sustainable development should be striving to generate a critical mass of people able to support appropriate levels of services in particular locations be these retail, employment, education or public
site-planningexternal-spaceHierarchy of streets - Secondary streets
4.8.3Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Secondary streets connect primary streets into neighbourhoods and while they can facilitate traffic movement they can also accommodate a number of uses such as on-street seating and spill out spaces.
accesssite-planningstreet-hierarchyexternal-spaceHierarchy of streets - Local/tertiary streets
4.8.4Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Local/tertiary streets can take on many forms dependant on the size, character and location of development. They can comprise laneways and courts and tend to be more intimate in character where pedest
accesssite-planningstreet-hierarchyexternal-spacePrimary Streets
Image 37Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Primary streets can accommodate carriageways, dedicated bus lanes, prioritised cycle lanes, laybys for servicing requirements and planting/green strips. These streets can also include wide footways to
site-planningexternal-spaceaccessSecondary Streets
Image 38Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Secondary streets are largely vehicular routes with clearly designated cycle paths and footpaths.
site-planningexternal-spaceaccessTertiary Streets
Image 39Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Tertiary streets should feel pedestrian focused with cycle provision and reduced traffic.
site-planningexternal-spaceaccessProtection of amenity - general principles
4.10.1Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
In order to achieve sustainable developments throughout the city, it is important to consider their functionality. Well-designed homes and buildings should aim to create attractive and welcoming space
non-domesticdwellingexternal-spacesite-planningSafeguarding daylight and sunlight
4.10.2Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Safeguarding daylight and sunlight within existing and nearby buildings is essential in creating quality internal and external spaces and should be carefully considered from the outset of the design p
dwellingresidentialexternal-spaceDesign considerations for daylight and sunlight
4.10.3Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Developments should therefore take account of; • The design and layout of internal spaces, window placements and in larger scale developments the incorporation of light wells and atriums to ensure com
dwellingnon-domesticexternal-spacesite-planningPolicy DES1 - Amenity and overshadowing requirement
Policy DES1 (j)Belfast·SPG005 Placemaking and Urban Design
Planning permission will be granted for new development that is of a quality, sustainable design that makes a positive contribution to placemaking by: (j) Ensuring no undue effect on the amenity of th
dwellingnon-domesticexternal-space