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Scope: drainage regulations covered
NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The guidance contained in this Technical Booklet relates only to the requirements of regulations 80, 81 and 82. The work will also have to comply with all other relevant requirements of the Building R
drainageApplication of drainage requirements to small roofs and balconies
78(1)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Regulation 82 shall not apply to a drainage system intended for use in connection with a roof or balcony of 6 m2 or less in area, unless that roof or balcony receives a flow of rainwater from another
drainagerainwaterDefinition of foul water
78(2)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
"Foul water" means waste from a sanitary appliance and water which has been used for cooking or washing purposes and not contaminated by trade effluent;
drainageDefinition of rainwater drainage
78(2)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
"Rainwater drainage" includes gutters, pipes, drains and fittings which convey rainwater only;
drainagerainwaterDefinition of sanitary pipework
78(2)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
"Sanitary pipework" means a pipe or system of pipes for conveying foul water from a fitting to an underground foul drain;
drainageDefinition of underground foul drainage
78(2)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
"Underground foul drainage" includes drains and private sewers used in connection with buildings but not a system which is solely for the conveyance of subsurface water.
drainageRequirement to provide drainage systems
79NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Every building shall be provided with such sanitary pipework, underground foul drainage and rainwater drainage as may be necessary for the hygienic and adequate disposal of foul water and rainwater fr
drainageall-buildingsSanitary pipework requirements
80NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Sanitary pipework shall— (a) consist of pipes and fittings— (i) of such size, layout, construction and watertightness; and (ii) with sufficient ventilation, to ensure the hygienic conveyance of foul w
drainagesanitary-pipeworkfoul-waterUnderground foul drainage requirements
81NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Underground foul drainage shall— (a) consist of pipes and fittings— (i) of such size, layout, construction and watertightness; and (ii) with sufficient ventilation, to ensure the hygienic conveyance o
drainagefoul-drainageundergroundRainwater drainage requirements
82NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Rainwater drainage shall— (a) consist of pipes and fittings— (i) of such size, layout, construction and watertightness; and (ii) with sufficient ventilation, to ensure the hygienic conveyance of rainw
drainagerainwater-drainagesurface-waterCesspool, septic tank and similar structures construction and siting
83(1)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Any cesspool, septic tank or similar structure shall be— (a) so constructed as to be impervious to both liquid from the inside and subsoil water from the outside; and (b) so sited— (i) as not to rende
drainagefoul-drainagetreatment-structuresite-planningCesspool construction requirements
7(2)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
A cesspool shall be— (a) of suitable depth to enable it to be emptied completely; (b) properly covered so as to be impervious to surface water and rainwater; (c) fitted with a suitable manhole cover f
drainagenon-domesticdwellingSeptic tank and treatment plant construction requirements
7(3)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Any structure to which paragraph (1) applies other than a cesspool shall be— (a) of suitable depth; (b) of adequate size, having in no case a capacity of less than 2.7 m³; (c) covered or fenced in; (d
drainageseptic-tanktreatment-plantnon-domesticdwellingPerformance Standards for Foul Water Drainage Systems
0.1NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
It is the view of the Department that the requirements of regulations 80 and 81 will be met if a foul water drainage system – (a) conveys the flow of foul water to a foul water outfall connected to a
drainagenon-domesticdwellingGuidance on Sanitary Pipework and Underground Foul Drainage
0.2NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The guidance in Section 2 covers various aspects of sanitary pipework design including suitable materials, pipe sizing, capacity of pipes, seals and ventilation. Guidance is also given on drainage for
drainagenon-domesticdwellingPerformance Standards for Rainwater Drainage Systems
0.3NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
It is the view of the Department that the requirements of regulation 82 will be met if – (a) rainwater from a building is carried away from the surface by a drainage system; and (b) a rainwater draina
drainagenon-domesticdwellingGuidance on Rainwater Drainage Design
0.4NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Section 4 gives guidance on the design of rainwater drainage including suitable materials, the sizing of pipes, gutters and outlets, and the capacity of the system related to the expected flow and the
drainagenon-domesticdwellingDefinitions
1.1NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Refer to the Part N Regulations, Application and interpretation, for the definitions which apply in this Technical Booklet.
drainageScope of Guidance
1.2NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The provisions in this Technical Booklet are applicable primarily to domestic buildings and small non-domestic buildings. For larger or more complex systems seek specialist advice.
drainagedwellingnon-domesticWC Flush Volumes
1.3NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The guidance in this Technical Booklet is applicable for WCs with major flush volumes. Consideration should be given to the increased risk of blockages when using WCs with low flush volumes.
drainageSafe Working in Drains and Sewers
1.4NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Laying and maintaining drains are hazardous operations. Appropriate safety codes should be followed including procedures for working in confined spaces. Safe working procedures and permits may be requ
drainageMaterials for pipes, fittings and joints
2.1NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The materials for sanitary pipework should be in accordance with the relevant standard given in Table 2.1. Where different metals are used they should be separated by non-metallic material to prevent
drainagenon-domesticCapacity of pipes
2.2NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The capacity of a sanitary pipework system should be adequate to carry the expected flow at any point, provided that where a minimum size of pipe is stated in a paragraph, Table or Diagram that size o
drainagenon-domesticTable 2.1 Materials for sanitary pipework
Table 2.1NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Material Relevant standard Pipes: Cast iron BS 416, BS EN 877 Copper BS EN 1254 Galvanised steel BS EN 1057 uPVC BS 3868 Polypropylene BS 4514, BS EN 1329 Other plastic BS EN 1451 BS EN 1329, BS EN 14
drainagenon-domesticTable 2.2 Flow rates from appliances
Table 2.2NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Appliance Flow rate (litres/sec) WC (9 litre cistern) 2.30 Washbasin 0.60 Spray tap basin 0.06 Sink 0.90 Bath 1.10 Shower 0.10 Automatic washing machine 0.70 Urinal (per person unit) 0.15
drainagenon-domesticWater seals (traps)
2.3NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
All points of discharge into a system should be fitted with a water seal (trap) to prevent air from the system entering the building. The minimum size of trap and depth of seal for an appliance should
drainageWatertightness
2.4NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The system should be capable of withstanding an air or smoke test of a positive pressure of 38 mm on a water gauge for at least 3 minutes, and every trap should maintain a water seal of at least 25 mm
drainageAccess for cleaning blockages in traps
2.5NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
If a trap forms part of an appliance the appliance should be removable. All other traps should be fitted directly after the appliance and should be removable or be fitted with a cleaning eye.
drainageVentilation
2.6NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
To prevent the water seal from being broken by the pressures which may develop in the system a branch pipe should either be ventilated as described in paragraph 2.11 or constructed as described in par
drainageventilationMinimum trap sizes and seal depths
Table 2.3NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Appliances: Washbasin, Bidet - Diameter of trap (mm): 32, Depth of seal (mm): 75(1); Sink, Bath, Shower, Food waste disposal unit, Urinal bowl - Diameter of trap (mm): 40, Depth of seal (mm): 75(1); W
drainageOverflow pipes
2.7NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Where an overflow pipe discharges to a branch pipe or a stack it should do so through a trap. In all other cases an overflow pipe should discharge in a visible location and should not cause dampness i
drainagenon-domesticdwellingBranch pipes - sizing, bends and junctions
2.8NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
A branch pipe should be at least the same diameter as the appliance trap and where it serves more than one appliance and is unvented, it should be of at least the diameter and gradient given in Table
drainagenon-domesticdwellingBranch pipe discharge from upper and ground storeys
2.9NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The branch pipe from an appliance on a storey above the ground storey should discharge into another branch pipe or a discharge stack. An appliance on the ground storey may discharge into another branc
drainagenon-domesticdwellingCommon branch discharge pipes (unvented)
Table 2.4NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Common branch discharge pipes (unvented) Appliance | Max number to be connected | Max length of branch (m) | Min size of pipe (mm) | Gradient limits (fall per metre) min (mm) | max (mm) WCs | 8 | 15
drainagenon-domesticdwellingRodding points for branch pipe access
2.10NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Rodding points should be provided to give access to any length of branch pipe which cannot be reached by removing a trap.
drainagenon-domesticdwellingDirect connections of ground floor WC to a drain
Diagram 2.2NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Direct connections of ground floor WC to a drain. A 50 mm diameter parallel branch should be used where a branch pipe would enter the stack within 200 mm below a WC connection. Smaller similar sized o
drainagedwellingsanitationBranch connections to stacks - height and spacing requirements
Diagram 2.1NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Branch connections to stacks. Minimum height (H) requirements: houses up to 3 storeys 450 mm; any building up to 5 storeys 750 mm; any building up to 20 storeys 1 storey; any building over 20 storeys
drainagedwellingnon-domestichrbBranch ventilating pipes
2.11NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Subject to paragraph 2.12 a branch ventilating pipe should be connected to a branch pipe within 300 mm of the trap (see Diagram 2.4) and should be not less than 25 mm diameter or, where the length of
drainageventilationUnventilated branch pipes
2.12NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
A branch ventilating pipe should not be required if the length and slope of a branch pipe does not exceed the maximum dimensions and gradients for the relevant pipe diameters given in Diagram 2.5.
drainageventilationVentilation stacks - general requirements
2.13NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
A ventilation stack should provide ventilation to branch ventilation pipes and may also provide ventilation to underground foul drainage (see paragraph 3.5). The lower end of a ventilation stack may b
drainageventilationVentilation stack termination - external air
2.13(a)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The upper end of a ventilation stack should terminate in the external air at least 900 mm above any opening into a building within 3 m, with a cage or cover which does not restrict the air flow (see D
drainageventilationVentilation stack termination - air admittance valve
2.13(b)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The upper end of a ventilation stack should terminate with an air admittance valve which complies with BS EN 12056: Part 2 and BS EN 12380.
drainageventilationVentilation stack termination - connection to discharge stack
2.13(c)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
The upper end of a ventilation stack should connect to a ventilated discharge stack above the "spillover" level of the highest appliance served.
drainageventilationTrap tail lengthening when using larger branch pipe
NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Where the larger branch pipe size is used and the diameter of the trap is not increased the tail of the trap should be lengthened by 50 mm before increasing the diameter
drainageBranch pipe slope requirements
Diagram 2.5(a)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Unvented branch connections to stacks - WC: slope 18 mm/m (min), 6.0 m (max) for single WC; Washbasin: see para 2.12; Sink: slope 18 mm/m (min), 3.0 m (max) for 40 mm pipe, 4.0 m (max) for 50 mm pipe;
drainageDesign curve for 32 mm washbasin wastes
Diagram 2.5(b)NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Design curve for 32 mm washbasin wastes - graph showing gradient (mm per m length) on y-axis from 0 to 120, and length of branch (m) on x-axis from 0.5 to 1.75 m.
drainageDischarge stacks - diameter and installation
2.14NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
A stack should discharge into a drain and be of at least the internal diameter given in Table 2.5. The diameter of a stack should not reduce in the direction of flow, nor have an offset in any part ca
drainagenon-domesticVentilation of discharge stacks
2.15NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
A discharge stack (other than a stub stack complying with paragraph 2.16) should be ventilated. The diameter of the part of a stack above the highest branch pipe may be reduced to 75 mm where the stac
drainageventilationUnvented stub stacks - connection and height limits
2.16NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
A stub stack may be unvented if it connects to a ventilated discharge stack or drain and is not more than 6 m from the discharge stack or drain. No branch pipe should discharge into a stub stack at a
drainageMinimum diameter for discharge stacks - Table 2.5
Table 2.5NI-wide·Technical Booklet N Drainage
Table 2.5 Minimum diameter for discharge stacks Peak flow rate (litres/sec) | Min diameter (mm) 1.2 | 50(1) 2.1 | 65(1) 3.4(2) | 75 5.3 | 90 7.2 | 100 Notes: (1) No WCs. (2) Not more than 1 siphonic
drainage